Differences between DM type 1 and type 2

1. Genetics- type 1 has only a 30% concordance between identical twins unlike type 2 which is 80%. HLA-DR3/DR4 are also associated with type 1.
2. Epidemiology- type 1- affects the young. consider late onset autoimmune diabetes(LADA). type 2- affects the middle age obese population. consider maturity onset disease of the young(MODY).
3. Presentation-

• Type 1 - polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, nocturia, ketoacidosis(ketones on dipstick)
  
• Type 2- asymptomatic

4. Aetiolgy- type 1 - beta cell destruction. anti-islet cell Ab, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase Ab type 2- insulin resistance. beta cell dysfunction.